What do appellate courts typically NOT engage in?

Appellate courts primarily focus on reviewing the decisions made by lower trial courts to ensure the correct application of law and proper legal procedures were followed. They do not retry facts or call witnesses because their role is not to re-examine the evidence or the credibility of witnesses. Instead, appellate courts examine the record of the previous trial to determine if there were any legal errors that may have affected the outcome.

Retrying facts involves re-evaluating evidence and testimonies, which is the responsibility of trial courts. Similarly, calling witnesses occurs during a trial to establish facts, but this is not within the purview of an appellate court.

While appellate courts can influence the development of law through their rulings, their main function is to interpret existing laws rather than establish new laws. Therefore, the correct response encompasses both activities that appellate courts typically do not engage in, making the combination of not retrying facts and not calling witnesses accurate in describing what appellate courts do not do.